The Economical Development And Poverty Reduction Strategy free essay sample

Rwanda s recent history has been marked by the race murder of 1994 in which at least 800.000 people, approximately 10 per centum of the population, lost their lives. As a consequence of the race murder, there was a entire dislocation of establishment systems, constructions and human capacity in Rwanda. Since so the state has gone through the painful challenge of reconstructing all this. Stability and security have been restored, and recovery has been under manner for several old ages now. In 2007, Rwanda came up with the Economic Development and Poverty Reduction Strategy ( EDPRS ) . In the EDPRS, the appellation poorness is conceptualised in absolute footings, every bit good as in comparative footings. Harmonizing to absolute conceptualizations of poorness, which can besides be referred to as physical subsistence definition, poorness is the want of economic resources that are required to run into for illustration nutrient, shelter and vesture. And on the other manus, comparative poorness is conceptualised as the want of economic resources that are required for dignified engagement in society. We will write a custom essay sample on The Economical Development And Poverty Reduction Strategy or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page First of all the EDPRS negotiations about absolute poorness. Two povertylines are set the first is the Extreme Povertyline set at 150 Rwandan Francs ( RWF ) ( $ 0.26 )[ 1 ]and concerns the sum of money needed to purchase plenty nutrient to meat a needed lower limit of 2100 Kcal per grownup per twenty-four hours. The 2nd 1 is Upper Povertyline is set at 250 RWS ( $ 0.44 ) besides the 150 RWF to supply 2100 Kcal a twenty-four hours an excess 100 RWF is added to supply for other, non-food basic demands. The chief poorness step is consumption-based4. Meaning that the poorness step is calculated from study informations on family ingestion outgo Harmonizing to the EDPRSP[ 2 ], more than tierce of the population ( 3.49 million people ) lives below the utmost poorness line. Over half the population lives below the upper poorness line ( 5.38 million people ) . Inequality was measured by the Gini coefficient, which was rather high in Rwanda ( 0.51 ) . Besides looking at basic needs the EDPRS besides conceptualizes poorness through subjective Ubudehe studies, or community based engagement studies. This subjective attack of mensurating poorness identified seven socioeconomic classs, in which people positioned themselves based on their perceptual experience of their poorness. It besides identified the major causes of poorness as perceived by the people. This attack is valuable as it reflects the perceptual experiences of the hapless themselves, and non those of ( non-poor ) external analysts and authorities functionaries. Through Ubudehe surveys the Rwandan PRSP indicates that 52.5 % of respondents felt among the poorest group. No less than 87.4 % identify themselves as hapless or worse. Lack of land, hapless dirts and drouth are seen as the major causes for poorness[ 3 ]. Particular attending in the EDPRS goes out to vulnerable families ( headed by adult females, widows and kids ) . As a effect of race murder, they represent 43 % of all the families and are largely concentrated in the rural country s. Objective poorness among vulnerable families is about 60 % higher than norm, bespeaking the importance of aiming aid to peculiarly vulnerable groups. As evident from the scene of poorness lines as the criterion for mensurating poorness, the Rwandan EDPRSP sees conceptualizes poorness as the neo-classical economic experts one-dimensional income deficit. This construct favours economic growing and market-based schemes as the solution to poverty[ 4 ]. It relates to the modernization theory because they follow a additive way whereby development is thought to be achieved by following procedures chiefly prescribed by developed states through their Global Institutions such as The IMF, World Bank and other Aid Agencies. Question 2. The EDPRS negotiations about several dimensions of poorness such as: nutrient, wellness, income, sanitation installations, shelter and instruction A ; information. The EDPRS should advance sustainable economic growing, human development and cut down poorness. In order to make so, the EDPRS promotes three flagship plans. The first focuses on Sustainable Growths for Jobs and Export. This will be achieved by making employment chances. The chief jobs for making this harmonizing to the EDPRS are the low degrees of human capital, a deficiency of accomplishments and weak substructure. So the precedences should include furthering human capital, advancing concern accomplishment development, and upgrading substructure. In this context besides energy supplies, conveyance webs and ICT development are points to concentrate on. The EDPRS speaks out the demand to make non-farm employment by general private sector development. Because most hapless people live in rural countries and are engaged in t raditional agricultural activities there is a demand to overhaul agribusiness and increase its production. For sustained growing over the longer term, it states that here is a demand for a diversified economic system by advancing non-traditional agricultural activities and the non-farm sector. The 2nd flagship programme is Vision 2020 Umerenge, which is a rural development programme which aims to increase the efficiency of public service bringing and to cut down poorness. The end is to extinguish utmost poorness by 2020. It reflects grass root precedences and it will be implemented at the sector degree utilizing attacks where community-based engagement is a cardinal method. It is a pro-poor growing for occupation and exports programme. The programme identifies certain vulnerable mark groups and utilizations intercessions that meet the specific demand of these mark groups. The population in rural countries will be encouraged to travel into more concentrated small town colonies. Harmonizing to the EDPRS the programme should be implemented in three constituents. First, public work with community-based planning and engagement should assist construct community assets and make an on- and off-farm employment substructure. Examples of undertakings mentioned in this context include bettering land productiveness, formal market substructure betterment and bettering entree to imbibing and irrigation H2O. Second, it wants to undertake utmost poorness by the usage of recognition bundles and to forester entrepreneurship and off-farm employment chances. The 3rd constituent is the direct support to better societal protection and entree to societal services. The 3rd flagship programme sets the end of advancing Good Governance. This is described as a pre-condition for development of the state and the decrease of poorness. Particularly in the visible radiation of Rwanda s history of struggle. It is focused on speed uping growing to make employment and to bring forth exports in doing Rwanda attractive for foreign investors. In the EDPRS it is argued that the state should seek to make a comparative advantage in soft substructure , that is, in institutional agreements of import for private investors. Cardinal policy countries pointed to in this context include integrity and rapprochement, defense mechanism and security, justness and human rights, public fiscal direction, and political answerability and transparence. The EDPRS besides emphasises on the importance of keeping Rwanda s repute of holding low degrees of and zero tolerance for, corruptness. Finally the EDPRS has implemented cross-cutting issues in its schemes. These issues are ; gender equality, environmental protection, societal inclusion and HIV/Aids. The EDPRS points out to the advancement that is made in advancing misss instruction and the female parliament representation, but besides emphasises that immense jobs, such as physical maltreatment of adult females and weak female belongings rights, remain. Towards societal inclusion, the EDPRS purposes to enable vulnerable and marginalized groups to take part in productive employment and hold entree to societal services. The EDPRS hopes to make, that by the terminal of its period in 2012, reduced inequality, improved entree to and quality of instruction and wellness services for vulnerable groups. The EDPRS gives attending to the job of overuse of lands and delicate countries, and emphasises the demand to undertake issues of dirt eroding, deforestation, and pollution. This will name for joint sector schemes, and it is established that all the sectors will, in any development undertaking, be required to incorporate environment ratings. Finally the EDPRS is calling that although HIV/Aids is less prevailing in Rwanda than in most other Sub Saharan African states, it is still a possible menace for the state and demands to be addressed.

Paul Revere Essay Example

Paul Revere Essay Example Paul Revere Essay Paul Revere Essay I am writing this for my children, who have already heard this story a million imes, and all the wonderful children that follow. Back when the days were spent watching little Paul Jr. and his father work endlessly at their silversmith shop only lasted a couple months into our mmarriage. By the time I had our first child together, Joshua, Paul was already riding that horse as a courier for the Boston Committee of Public Safety. In our 18 months of mmarriage, Paul had already embarked on more than 9 trips and had gone as far as New York and Philadelphia. With the early signs of the Revolution such as the Destruction of Tea in Boston and the stain with the British, Paul got more involved with the committees than I expected. I even tried to convince Paul that his expeditions were becoming a threat to the family, but Paul insisted that Dr. Warrens requests were valid and important. At times I felt like I was competing with Dr. Warren for his attention. It wasnt until the night of April 18th, 1775 that I realized the importance of Pauls services. May 24, 1810 The last time I talked to Paul before I fled out of Boston, was the night before his infamous ride. We had been continuously arguing about his involvement with the Boston Committee and I even contemplated leaving him. By the time I awoke on the morning of April 18th, Paul was long gone. I carried on with my usual activities while I imagined Paul somewhere out riding with Dr. Warren. When he didnt show up for dinner, I was actually kind of relieved that I would not have to deal with another fight erupting. But at 1 1 pm, I started to get worried and by the morning I was packing up our most important belongings to flee out of Boston. That morning I heard tales of 3 men riding through the night to warn of the Britishs arrival, little did I know that Paul was one of them. Paul, along with William Dawes and Samuel Prescott started their journey to Lexington at 11 pm on April 18th 1775, upon instructions from Dr. Warren. Paul was instructed to warn John Hancock and Samuel Adams of approaching British ships. As he rode through Charlestown, making sure his warning system was in play. The previous weekend he had arranged for two lanterns to be hung from the bell tower of Christ Church in Boston as a warning that British were arriving by sea rather than land. With everything going as planned, at midnight Paul rode through Lexington, while going door to door warning the country-side. Eventually he ended up at tne nouse Hancock ana Adams were staylng at. I nls Is tne part wnere everyooay has their own interpretation of what Pauls words of warning were. But after hearing this story over and over again, I will never forget what came out of Pauls mouth that night. He simply stated, Youll have noise enough before long. The regulars are coming out! After warning the two, Paul met up with another rider, William Dawes and they went on to meet Dr. Prescott. Paul later informed me that all three of them were captured by British patrol on their way out of Lexington. While Dawes and Prescott escaped, Paul spent two more hours being interrogated and was then taken by gunpoint back towards Lexington. When the Battle of Lexington Green started, the patrol officers fled with his horse to see the commotion. Horseless and deserted, Paul walked back towards Lexington and arrived in time to witness the end of the Lexington Green battle. That morning as the battle raged on Paul helped the Hancock family escape, unaware that his family was doing the same. Back home I contemplated staying and waiting for Pauls arrival, but I knew that I had to get the children to safety. The most difficult decision I had to make was to leave Paul Jr. , to watch the shop, and our lovely home behind. At this point, I had no idea of Pauls whereabouts and took the 6 children and fled out of Boston, unaware of my final destination. May 25, 1810 I managed to carefully make out of Boston and even wrote a letter to Paul in hopes that he would eventually find us. All alone, with 6 children was not an easy task but I was able to pull it off well until Paul and I reconnected in Watertown. While the war became sthronger and sthronger as the days went on, I knew that we could not return ome. Paul managed to find work printing money and still was a courier. I swear by then Paul had done every Job in the book. Finally a year later when we could return home he Joined the Massachusetts Militia. Eventually he did decide to take is easy and returned to the family business, he ran a small hardware store and then went on to open the first copper rolling mill in North America. But never again did I complain about the Jobs Paul took. Every time I felt like saying something I Just looked at the sparks in his eyes as he retold the story of April 18th. One thing that story has taught e is that Paul is not a quitter. To this day, I still constantly nag him to retire but hes still at the shop bright and early every morning. Hes Just one of those kinds of people. Something that took me years to figure out, I want you, my grandchildren, to never forget. Never once did Paul think about himself, or even his family for that matter, he only did what was best for our country. He may not seem like your average hero, but in my eyes Paul will always be a hero, but I guess thats Just because Im his wife. Love, Rachel Walker Revere Annotated Bibliography The Boston Patriots. Ushistory. org. N. . , n. d. Web. 8 Sept. 2013. This was a good source because it had more about the other things that Paul Revere accomplished in nls IITe as well. I also naa Tacts aoout otner people tnat were a nuge Impact on tne American Revolution so I got a better understanding of the revolution as a whole and then was able to connect that back to the things that Paul Revere did. A Daughter of the Revolution. Masshist. org. N. p. , n. d. Web. 8 Sept. 2013. This source was also a really big help because the table 1 was written more about Rachel Walker and her take on their mma rriage and his lifestyle. In many other ocuments Rachel isnt even mentioned so this was a brief overview of how they met and how she felt about Paul activism and her concerns with fleeing Boston during the war. I understood Rachel Walker and got to get inside her mindset a little bit better and understand her concerns as a wife and new mother. Paul Revere: A Brief Biography. Paulreverehouse. org. N. p. , n. d. Web. 3 Sept. 2013. This source was the most helpful because it had all of his life events separated and brief. I used this as a starting point to get a general understanding of Revere. I learned more about his family life and the day he warned the colonists that the British were invading. I liked this source because I felt like it was written very simply and was easy to navigate and understand. Paul Revere Timeline. Worldhistorypro]ect. org. N. p. , n. d. Web. 8 Sept. 2013. This source was one of the easier ones to navigate through. All the facts were there in a timeline format and helped me organize my paper better. The only thing that I didnt like about this site was that there was nothing about Rachel Walker Revere and that threw me off at times because I had to find the events after they got married and make sure my dates were correct.

Biography of Diane von Fürstenburg, Fashion Designer

Biography of Diane von Fà ¼rstenburg, Fashion Designer Diane von Fà ¼rstenberg (born December 31, 1946) is a business executive and  fashion designer. She is most famous for her wrap dress, made out of knit jersey fabric, which was first popularized in the 1970s. Fà ¼rstenbergs clothes have been worn by such influential figures and celebrities as Michelle Obama, Madonna, Kate Beckinsale, Susan Sarandon, and Jessica Alba. Fast Facts: Diane von Fà ¼rstenberg Known For: Fà ¼rstenberg designed a wrap dress that had a huge influence on womens fashion.Also Known As: Diane Prinzessin zu Fà ¼rstenberg, Diane Halfin, Diane Simone Michelle HalfinBorn: December 31, 1946 in Brussels, BelgiumParents: Leon Halfin and Liliane NahmiasEducation: University of GenevaSpouse(s): Prince Egon von Fà ¼rstenberg (m. 1969-1972), Barry Diller (m. 2001)Children: Prince Alexander von Fà ¼rstenberg, Princess Tatiana Desirà ©e von Fà ¼rstenbergNotable Quote: Fashion is mysterious, as a rule. Why are blue jeans a classic? You just hit on something that happens to be timeless and right. Early Life Fà ¼rstenberg was born Diane Simone Michelle Halfin in Brussels, Belgium, on December 31, 1946. Her father Leon Halfin was a Moldavian emigre, and her mother Liliane Nahmias had been liberated from Auschwitz only 18 months before Dianes birth.  Both parents were Jewish. Education Fà ¼rstenberg was educated in England, Spain, and Switzerland. She studied at the University of Madrid and later transferred to the University of Geneva, where her field of study was economics. After college, Fà ¼rstenberg worked as an assistant to Albert Koshi, an agent for fashion photographers in Paris. She then moved to Italy, where she worked for textile manufacturer Angelo Ferretti and designed silk jersey dresses. New York and Independence At the University of Geneva, Fà ¼rstenberg met a German prince who was born in Switzerland, Egon zu Fà ¼rstenberg. They married in 1969 and moved to New York, where they had a high-profile society life. The princes family did not like that Fà ¼rstenberg was of Jewish heritage. Two children were born in quick succession: a son Alexandre in 1970, six months after the wedding, and a daughter Tatiana in 1971. In 1970, with the princes support and likely influenced by the rise of feminism, Fà ¼rstenberg sought financial independence by opening the Diane von Fà ¼rstenberg Studio. She designed her own prints and made easy-to-wear dresses made out of silk, cotton, and polyester knits. The Wrap Dress In 1972, Fà ¼rstenberg designed the wrap dress that was to bring her so much recognition. The dress was made of cotton jersey fabric; Furstenbergs intent was to create something both feminine-looking and easy to care for. The iconic original dress is now in the Metropolitan Museum of Art (alongside famous garments by Thom Browne, Rei Kawakubo, Marc Jacobs, and other designers). Fà ¼rstenberg has described her design as simple, effortless, and classic: The wrap dress is the most traditional form of dressing: Its like a robe, its like a kimono, its like a toga. It doesnt have buttons or zippers. What made it different was that it was jersey; therefore, it was close to the body and it was a print. The design had a huge influence on 1970s fashion; by the middle of the decade, Fà ¼rstenberg had sold millions of dresses and made herself a household name. Divorce and Business Expansion In 1972, Fà ¼rstenberg and her husband divorced. She lost the right to the title of Princess zu Fà ¼rstenberg and rebranded herself as Diane von Fà ¼rstenberg. In 1975, she created the fragrance Tatiana, named for her daughter. The fragrance sold well, and by 1976 Fà ¼rstenberg was so well known that she appeared on the cover of Newsweek. Fà ¼rstenberg sold her studio and licensed her name to be used on other products. In 1979, products with her name represented sales of $150 million. By 1983, however, she had closed her cosmetics and fragrance business. Comeback From 1983 to 1990, Fà ¼rstenberg  lived in Bali and Paris. She founded a publishing company in Paris called Salvy, which released works in translation by authors such as Vita Sackville-West, Barbara Pym, and Gregor von Rezzori. In 1990, she returned to the United States, and the next year launched a new home shopping business, Silk Assets, which sold products on the cable channel QVC. Her first product did $1.2 million in sales in two hours. Selling on QVC was a success. In 1997, Fà ¼rstenberg went into business with her daughter-in-law Alexandra, re-launching her eponymous company. With the revival in the 1990s of 1970s fashions, Fà ¼rstenberg brought back the wrap dress in new prints and colors. Fà ¼rstenberg published a memoir in 1998, Diane: A Signature Life, recounting her life story and business successes. In 2001, she married businessman Barry Diller, who had been a friend since the 1970s. Fà ¼rstenberg also became involved in books and movies, producing Forty Shades of Blue, which won a prize at the 2005 Sundance Film Festival. Fà ¼rstenberg released another memoir in 2014, The Woman I Wanted to Be, which one reviewer described as an honest an introspective look into the labyrinthine history behind one of the most iconic female entrepreneurs in fashion. Fà ¼rstenberg has also released a series of coffee table books, including Beds, a look at the intimate spaces of the rich and famous. By 2005, Diane von Fà ¼rstenberg boutiques were in operation in New York and Miami in the United States, and in London and Paris in Europe. Fà ¼rstenberg has served on a number of corporate boards. Her company is currently headquartered in the Meatpacking District of Manhattan. Fà ¼rstenberg has been named one of the most powerful women in the world. Notable Clients Fà ¼rstenbergs clients include a range of celebrities, artists, and other luminaries. former First Lady Michelle Obama- a woman known for her taste in fashion- wore a Fà ¼rstenberg wrap dress in 2009 for the White House Christmas card. Other major clients include Gwenyth Paltrow, Rooney Mara, Bella Thorne, Demi Moore, and Marisa Tomei. Causes Fà ¼rstenberg has supported numerous causes, among them the Anti-Defamation League and the Holocaust Museum. She has been honored for her work in redeveloping space in New York City and for her work against AIDS. With her husband, she funds a private family foundation, The Diller-Von Fà ¼rstenberg Family Foundation. In 2010, as part of an initiative by Bill and Melinda Gates and Warren Buffett, she pledged to donate half her fortune to philanthropic efforts. Sources Ferla, Ruth La. â€Å"The Dress Heard Round the World.† The New York Times, 15 Jan. 2014.Fà ¼rstenberg, Diane Von. Diane: a Signature Life. Simon Schuster, 2009.MacFarquhar, Larissa. â€Å"The Huntress.† The New Yorker, 25 Sept. 2006.

Tierney, S. Deaton, C. and Whitehead, J. (2008) Essay

Tierney, S. Deaton, C. and Whitehead, J. (2008) - Essay Example The content about the studies is arranged in such a manner that it becomes easy to explore throughout the research and to be practical about it. As provided in the result of the research, â€Å"interviewees were unclear about what should be considered ‘disordered’ eating among individuals with T1DM†, so it makes us question about the interviewees and the research that whether all the studies and research were carried out in the proper manner. And if the manner and style of collecting the data was correct, then how come the questions can be raised against the report. One more thing, the interviewees only interviewed the professionals from the hospitals and other health centers, but they did not consider any opinion of the patients. Being a bit personal, a patient can be more practical on this kind of situation than the professional. Hence one could observe some gaps and logical and technical irregularities in the way the data has been collected.

Management consultant Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Management consultant - Essay Example It is not possible for a management consulting firm to render services in a domain in which it has no expertise. This will not only create a bad reputation in the market about the consulting firm but it would also not be able to retain its customers. This might adversely affect its business prospects. So while choosing clients a management consulting firm needs to chalk out the areas where it can offer management solutions to its clients. Identification of potential client organisations can be effectively done by choosing proper market segmentation strategies based on the nature of services offered by the organisations, the type of product it manufactures, its market position and the overall size of the company. In order to attract clients, proper promotional strategies such as various forms of advertising, should be adopted by the management consultancy firm. The consultancy firm would decide on such strategies by identifying the areas where it has expertise. This can be done by undergoing a thorough internal research and will be followed by enlisting the nature of services offered by it to its clients, the type of solutions provided, whether it is solely IT based or they act as change consultants, or act as catalysts in triggering certain changes within an organisation. Such things should be specifically and clearly mentioned by the consultancy firm so that in future it does not result in ambiguity. This informatio n would help the client organisations to understand the nature of services provided by the management consultancy firm and if they feel that their need matches with the expertise of the consultancy firm, then they would seek its help. Moreover, seminars on common management problems, which may be faced by most of the organisations, and the possible solutions to mitigate its effect, would help the management consultancy firm to attract increasing number of clients. The management consultancy firm needs to be up to date with the changes that are occurring in the area where it proposes to offer solutions so that it can earn the trust and the confidence of its clients. To make a more profound effect on the potential clients, the management consultancy firm must hire external experts to express their point of view on a common problem area faced by most organisations and this can be followed by a junior consultant's presentation in support of the views expressed(Kolli S., 2000.). This wou ld help the consultancy firm to convey the message to its clients that it is capable of providing the necessary solutions needed to help the client organisation register higher growth. To identify potential clients, being a management consultant, the help of various directories would be taken. These directories gives an overview of the type of business that the potential client organisations are presently in and provides the address and the contact details to the consultancy firm. This acts as a guide for the consultancy firm to reach its clients and find out whether any type of consulting services is required by them or not. Management consultancy had become a need of almost every organisation which wants to cope with the changing needs of the business scenario. The roles played by the consultancies usually differ from being just a catalyst, to being a mentor or a

Hackers Today :: Essays Papers

Hackers Today Over the last twenty years, a technological revolution has occurred as computers are now an essential element of today's society. Large computers are used to track reservations for the airline industry, process billions of dollars for banks, manufacture products for industry, and conduct major transactions for businesses because more and more people now have computers at home and at the office. People commit computer crimes because of society's declining ethical standards more than any economic need. According to experts, gender is the only bias. The profile of today's non-professional thieves crosses all races, age groups and economic strata. Computer criminals tend to be relatively honest and in a position of trust: few would do anything to harm another human, and most do not consider their crime to be truly dishonest. Most are males: women have tended to be accomplices, though of late they are becoming more aggressive. Computer Criminals tend to usually be "between the ages of 14- 30, they are usually bright, eager, highly motivated, adventuresome, and willing to accept technical challenges."(Shannon, 16:2) "It is tempting to liken computer criminals to other criminals, ascribing characteristics somehow different from 'normal' individuals, but that is not the case."(Sharp, 18:3) It is believed that the computer criminal "often marches to the same drum as the potential victim but follows and unanticipated path."(Blumenthal, 1:2) There is no actual profile of a computer criminal because they range from young teens to elders, from black to white, from short to tall. Definitions of computer crime has changed over the years as the users and misusers of computers have expanded into new areas. "When computers were first introduced into businesses, computer crime was defined simply as a form of white-collar crime committed inside a computer system."(2600:Summer 92,p.13) Some new terms have been added to the computer criminal vocabulary. "Trojan Horse is a hidden code put into a computer program. Logic bombs are implanted so that the perpetrator doesn't have to physically present himself or herself." (Phrack 12,p.43) Another form of a hidden code is "salamis." It came from the big salami loaves sold in delis years ago. Often people would take small portions of bites that were taken out of them and then they were secretly returned to the shelves in the hopes that no one would notice them missing.(Phrack 12,p.44) Congress has been reacting to the outbreak of computer crimes.

Psycho Movie Paper Essay

One of the best aspects of Psycho is the outstanding camera work. The movie is full of unexpected surprises that makes the audience jump, gasp or scream in surprise and fright. Hitchcock uses constant shadow and â€Å"pop out† techniques that enhance the suspense and give rise to tension that build and builds until it is unleashed in startling ‘pop out’ scenes that leave the audience gasping. The film effects, especially during the murder scenes, I believe made the movie. The scene where Arbogast decides to investigate the Bates household while Norman is away and Norman’s â€Å"mother† pops out from the room and seemingly murders the unsuspecting detective is a great example of this kind of camera work. The film also incorporates elements of the unknown using shadows to keep up the mystery and suspense. The infamous shower scene where Norman Bates stalks into the bathroom as a shadowy figure that has come to murder Janet Leigh gives the audience a spine tingling feeling of fear and keeps the audience guessing as to who the real murderer is. The movie was also shot in black and white which adds to the eerie feeling. Hitchcock uses close ups of the actors, shot from odd angles to crete an uneasy feeling for the viewer. The scene when Marian is on her way down the highway after buying her used car, she is filmed driving towards destination but the camera angle is mostly a mid-shot of her view driving the car. After the murder of Marion Crane, the camera zoomed up close to the face of the victim giving the viewers a frightening view of a dead person. The bottom line is that a curtain flying back and a helpless women in the shower being slashed to death while violins screeched violently in the background made many young teens of the time fear their bathtubs and showers. One of the greatest aspects of the movie was the endless string of plot twists and turns. Not only is the plotline immense, but it is full of unexpected events, 360 degree turns and a myriad of suspenseful situations that keep the audience on the edge of their seats. Unexpected events keep the plot rolling along like Marion Crane running away and stealing money. The police officer that questions Marion when she was on the run built up suspense as it led the audience to believe that she might get caught with the 4000 dollars that she stole. The dinner with Marion and Norman before she was murdered gave the sense that Norman was a weird guy who stuffed birds. Plot twist such as Marion Crane being suddenly murdered and Arbogast, the detective, who was close to solving the case being unexpectedly murdered kept the audience guessing. The movie ended with the huge surprise of Norman Bates’ mother, the leading suspect in the murders, turning out to have been dead for two years while her son, Norman committed the murders. Janet Leigh plays an excellent role as Marion Crane, who is on the run with 4000 dollars in search of a new life. The fact that she makes a stop at the Bates Motel adds blood and gore to the movie to make the must-see horror flick of its time. Another thing that made Psycho stand out from other horror movies before it was the type of conflict that the film Horror films up to then had been mostly about man battling oversized or bigger than life monsters. This was just man against a little nerdy man. Hitchcock’s Psycho was inspired by the real life notorious serial killer, Ed Gein. The horror movie audience was used to seeing people battling oversized, non-human creatures such as Godzilla, Dracula, Frankenstein or the Creature from the Black Lagoon. Psycho was one of the first movies to use a psychotic person as the bad guy in a horror context. Psycho inspired movies such as; Friday the 13th with Jason Forgees and Halloween with Michael Myers. Both of these classics followed Psycho’s storyline using the concept of a crazed man with maternal issues killing people with a large knife. The movie, Psycho is a classic film that used innovative camera work combined with a fantastic plot full of unexpected twists and turns and a new type of villain to create a movie that would be used as a horror model for decades. Alfred Hitchcock was a genius who was not afraid to take chances and step outside the box to keep the audience on their toes, or under their seats. Psych has stood the test of time. It was widely considered one of the best horror movies of all time when it came out and it has served as a model and stood up favorably since then.